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| Marine reports |
Report categories:
UK seas
Global issues
Marine briefings
Factsheets
UK seas
Marine Act reports
WWF's Draft Marine Bill
WWF, January 2005
A proposal for the text of a new marine law - this document is intended to influence the public debate on future marine management. Also available: summary of the Draft Marine Bill (154KB) or explanatory notes for the Draft Marine Bill - (176KB)
A Marine Act for the United Kingdom
Dr Malcolm MacGarvin of modus vivendi for WWF-UK and the Wildlife Trusts, December 2000
This report discusses the case for a Marine Act in the UK, and illustrates the legal basis for an Integrated Marine Policy.
The Last Living Wilderness - A Future for our Seas
Wildlife and Countyside Link, January 2005
A briefing from Wildlife and Countryside Link's Marine Campaign. For more information about our Marine Act campaign visit www.wwf.org.uk/marineact
UK sea's - Marine Health Check
Marine Biodiversity Hotspots in the UK: their identification and protection
WWF-UK, January 2007
A Report that examines how best to identify marine biodiversity 'hotspots' in UK waters, and highlight potential threats to those hotspots.
Marine Health Check 2005 (2.3MB)
K Hiscock, J Sewell and J Oakley, January 2005
Latest report to gauge the state of UK's sea life concentrating on sixteen flagship species and habitats.
Marine Health Check 2000
Chris Berry, September 2000
The first report to gauge the health of our seas examining 10 species and six habitat indicators.
UK seas - general
The application of strategic environmental assessments in the UK fisheries sector
WWF-UK March 2006
WWF has commissioned this report as a contribution to the discussion and evolution of the Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive (2004).
Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAs) involve a holistic approach that considers the projected environmental impacts over time of multiple actions within a region or ecosystem.
The Sea Empress disaster: 10 years on - An overview of shipping activities in UK waters
WWF-UK, February 2006
This report revisits the Sea Empress grounding, its consequences and lessons learned. It goes on to identify new threats to the marine environment that exist as a result of the increase in export of crude oil from Russia.
An overview of Marine Protected Areas in the UK
WWF-UK, Summer 2005
This paper provides an overview of MPA related issues on MPAs in the UK, including legal and policy context and current situation regarding establishment and mangment of MPAs in the UK.
MPA Designations: A Summary of definitions and objectives
WWF-UK Summer 2005
There is a bewildering array of spatial designation types and terminology used in the context of Marine Protected Areas. This paper aims to illustrate the more commonly used terms, and to clarify WWF's perspective in relation to terminology and objectives.
Evaluating the Management Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas: using UK sites and the UK MPA programme to illustrate different approaches
A report to WWF-UK by Dr Susan Gubbay, June 2005
This report examines the key issues in relation to the managment effectiveness of MPAs in the UK by considering the potential criteria for evaluating effectiveness.
Marine Protected Areas and Zoning in a System of Marine Spatial Planning
A discussion paper for WWF-UK. Dr Susan Gubbay. July 2005
This report compliments the WWF's Draft Marine Bill report and Marine Protected Areas in the Context of Marine Spatial Planning: discussing the Links report. It takes a more detailed look at the use of zoning in the context of MPA and MSP.
Marine Protected Areas in the context of Marine Spatial Planning
S Gubbay, January 2005
A discussion document to demonstrate how these two complementary marine management tools could interact.
WWF's view of securing the benefits - the government report on the future of the fishing industry
WWF-UK, 2005
WWF's comments on the government's response to the Number 10 Strategy Unit's report, 'Net benefits: A Sustainable and Profitable Future for UK Fishing'.
Risk Assessment associated with shipping operations on UK waters. JMP Briefing.
WWF-UK, September 2003
This briefing discusses a range of issues considered important for determining risk assessment (sensitivity and vulnerability) of shipping activities in the marine environment.
Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) and Marine Environmentally High Risk Areas (MEHRAs). JMP Briefing.
WWF-UK, September 2003
This briefing provides an overview of two shipping designations designed to raise awareness of the sensitivity of marine areas, and introduce management measure to reduce risks associated with shipping activities.
Just coasting: an assessment of the commitment of the devolved administrations and the English regions to Integrated Coastal Management
Susan Gubbay. Wildlife Trusts and WWF, 2002
Integrated Coastal Management is an accepted element of planning and management in many coastal countries. To date, this does not appear to be the case in the UK. WWF and the Wildlife Trusts advocate the adoption of integrated coastal management in the UK. This report has been prepared as a contribution to that process.
Fish of the day: can consumers help save UK fisheries?
A WWF Oceans Recovery Campaign report by Dr Susan Gubbay and Allen Searle, July 2001
This report not only studies consumer fish eating habits over the past 30 years, but also gives ten top tips that consumers can follow to help save our seas. Also available: summary of the report: Fish of the day
Choose or Lose: a recovery plan for fish stocks and the UK fishing industry
A WWF Oceans Recovery Campaign report by Malcolm MacGarvin and Sarah Jones, December 2000
This major fisheries report for WWF-UK reveals an overwhelming economic case for Treasury investment in recovery programmes to ensure a long-term future for our fishing stocks, fishing industry and wider marine environment.
UK seas - Scotland
Observer Report
November 2006
Best practice and funding options for Observer Programmes around the world.
Tangle of the Forth
September 2006
This report reveals the extent of the historic mismanagement of the river Forth and the tangled web of confusing, and often conflicting, legislation that governs Scottish seas and coasts.
Feeding the Fish
September 2004
This report reveals that fish feed manufacturers are using threatened fish stocks to supply the Scottish aquaculture industry with salmon feed.
Developing a Strategic Framework for Scotland's Marine Environment
Response to Consultation, July 2004
WWF congratulates the Scottish Executive for undertaking this important consultation
The Tangle of the Clyde
April 2004
This report reveals the extent of the historic mismanagement of the river Clyde and the tangled web of confusing, and often conflicting, legislation that governs Scottish seas and coasts.
Review of the Commission proposal
July 2003
Commission for a council regulation establishing measures for the recovery of cod stocks. WWF support the adoption of strong recovery plans for fish and commissioned a critique of the European Commissions 2003 proposal.
On the Brink
December 2002
Scottish fisheries could be earning some 500 per cent more than they do now if stocks were managed sustainably.
Out of Sight and still under threat
September 2001, updated October 2002
The Darwin Mounds. Why WWF believes they should be protected without delay.
Scotland's secret? Aquaculture, nutrient pollution, eutrophication and toxic blooms
Dr Malcolm MacGarvin, September 2000
This report indicates for the first time the full extent of nutrient pollution from Scottish aquaculture.
UK seas - Wales
Why seas matter to Wales
WWF Cymru, May 2005
WWF Cymru commissioned Beaufort Research to conduct a survey, Why seas matter to Wales to assess Welsh people's attitudes towards Wales' marine environment.
An overview of briefings on marine and coastal legislation in Wales
Cardiff University 2004
An introduction to a series of 12 briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru. The briefings summarise the key legislative instruments and address the main shortcomings of the existing regulatory framework relevant to the management of the Welsh coastal and marine environment.
Briefing 1: Coastal defence and shoreline management
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper outlines the legislative and policy framework relating to coastal defence and shoreline management in Wales. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Amddiffyn yr arfordir a rheoli'r traethlin
Briefing 2: Coastal development
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing outlines the legislative and policy framework that relates to the control of most types of development in the coastal zone and marine areas of Wales. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Datblygiad Arfordirol
Briefing 3: Marine aggregate dredging
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper examines the current framework for regulating marine aggregate dredging, and identifies the limitations of the interim system that new Regulations will need to address. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Carthu agregau morol
Briefing 4: Marine archaeology and cultural heritage
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper summarises the key legislative instruments and addresses the main shortcomings of the existing regulatory framework relevant to the protection of marine archaeology and cultural heritage. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Archeoleg forol a threftadaeth ddiwylliannol
Briefing 5: Marine leisure and recreation
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper summarises the current controls and regulations in respect of caostal recreation. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Hamdden morol
Briefing 6: Marine nature conservation and landscape protection
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper identifies the key legislative instruments and addresses the main shortcomings of the current regulator framework relevant to nature conservation in Wales. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Cadwraeth natur forol a diogelu'r dirwedd forol
Briefing 7: Marine renewable energy
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper outlines the regulatory controls associated with wind power generation in the marine environment, although the same consents and permissions could conceivably apply to other marine renewable energy technologies. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Ynni Adnewyddadwy Morol
Briefing 8: Marine spatial planning
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper traces the development and interpretation of spatial planning at various levels and outlines its application to the marine environment. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Cynllunio Gofodol Morol
Briefing 9: Military activities
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper provides an overview of the key primary legislation relating to military activities that impact upon the coastal and marine environment. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Gweithgareddau milwrol
Briefing 10: Ports, shipping and navigation
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper addresses the laws concerned primarily with the environmental management and regulation of ports and shipping. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Porthladdoedd, llongau a morwriaeth
Briefing 11: Sea fisheries
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper outlines the current legislation that governs Wales' seas. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Pysgodfeydd Môr
Briefing 12: Waste disposal and pollution control
Briefings commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University, 2004
This briefing paper addresses the quality of the aquatic environment. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Gwaredu gwastraff a rheoli llygredd
Legislative reform, of the Welsh marine environment (2.2MB)
Marine and Coastal Environment Group, Cardiff University, June 2004
This report commissioned by WWF Cymru and prepared by Cardiff University shows the tangled web of confusion, and often conflicting legislation that governs Wales' seas. An Executive Summary of the report is also available. Ar gael yn y Gymraeg hefyd: Crynodeb Gweithredol
All at Sea: A Welsh case study for offshore renewable energy
Guy Linley-Adams, November 2003
The case study illustrates the lengthy and costly process that Scarweather Sands has undergone because of the lack of a single legislative system for the marine environment.
Turning the Tide: Power from the sea and protection for nature in Welsh waters (report in full)
Iwan Ball December 2002
This study sets out the options for harnessing marine renewable energy resources and the effects of these technologies on coastal and marine ecology. A summary of this report is also available. See also Marine Update 54
North-east Atlantic
Fishing, climate change and North East Atlantic cod stocks
May 2007
This report concludes that the cod stock situation in the North East Atlantic is being exacerbated by climate change.
Vulnerability Assessment of the North-East Atlantic Shelf Marine Ecoregion to Climate Change
WWF August 2005
This report looks into the serious affects of climate change on the the UK marine environment, potentially deepening the decline of cod, threatening the future survival of some sea bird colonies and causing wide-scale coastal disruption. Also available a short WWF briefing on the report Climate change: plunging our seas into deeper crisis
The Darwin Mounds and Dogger Bank: case studies of the management of two potential Special Areas of Conservation in the offshore environment
Susan Gubbay, C. Maria Baker and Brian J. Bett. A WWF-UK report, 2002
This report proposes conservation objectives and prepares an outline management scheme for Darwin Mounds and Dogger Bank.
The Offshore Directory. Review of a selection of habitats, communities and species of the North-east Atlantic
A report for WWF by Susan Gubbay with contributions from Maria Baker, Brian Bett and Gerd Konnecker, 2002
This report is a further contribution from WWF to the debate on offshore habitat and species conservation and the importance of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). If you would like a copy, please contact the marine team on 01483 426444
No-Take Zones: the next step for nature conservation and fisheries management in the North-east Atlantic
by Susan Gubbay. A WWF-UK report, 2001
Although Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are less well-known and may be more difficult to implement, they can bring the same benefits as their terrestrial counterparts. This report addresses the importance of No-Take Zones in this context.
Global marine issues
Biocide-free (non toxic) anti-fouling systems: trials testing on German coast ships
WWF-Germany, September 2000
Tests on alternative paints on ship hulls of over 25m in length operating in coastal and/or brackish waters suggest that there are promising alternatives to organotins for coastal vessels.
Protection of the Wadden Sea from ship accidents through the establishment of a "PSSA Wadden Sea". A realisation plan for the Trilateral Cooperation of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands
WWF-Germany, December 2000
This report proposes the establishment of a Particular Sensitive Sea Area in the Wadden Sea, and proposes nine measures for reducing the potential dangers from ship traffic. If you would like a copy, please contact the marine team on 01483 426 444
The accumulation and impact of organotins on marine mammals, seabirds and fish for human consumption
June 1999
For many decades, organotins have been used in antifouling paints on the hulls of ships and boats. Their harmful effects on marine invertebrates are well documented. Now, their effects on other marine species such as fish, seabirds and marine mammals are being reported all over the world.
Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) - a precautionary tool to protect the world's sensitive marine ecosystems from shipping impacts such as oil spills, ship groundings, anchor damage and rubbish
June 1999
PSSAs are areas of the seas and oceans that need special protection through action by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). This report discusses the fact that in spite of the clear benefits of PSSAs, the world has been slow to adopt them.
More Maritime Safety for the Baltic Sea
WWF Baltic Team 2003
WWF demands more maritime safety for the Baltic Sea - Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) status with additional protective measures.
Marine briefings
Marine Update 61 Assessing the impacts of climate change in the Arctic
June 2007
Marine Update 59: Fishing, climate change and North East Atlantic cod stocks
May 2007
This Marine Update concludes that the cod stock situation in the North East Atlantic is being exacerbated by climate change.
Marine Update 57: Assessing the impacts of climate change in the North-east Atlantic
January 2006
Marine Update 56: WWF's Draft Marine Bill
January 2005
This Marine Update describes WWF's vision for the management of our seas in the form of a marine act that would work towards reforming the way our seas are managed and limit conflicts of interests around the UK shores.
Marine Update 55: Spatial planning
WWF-UK and The Wildlife Trusts, June 2004
A down to earth view of managing activities in the marine environment for the benefit of humans and wildlife.
Marine Update 53: Delivering an ecosystem approach - the need for a Marine Act
September 2002
Some 950 million people rely on the sea as a major source of nutrition and the marine environment supports many jobs and industries - yet around two-thirds of the world's commercial fisheries are exploited to the limit or over-exploited. This Marine Update develops the thinking around an ecosystem approach and the importance of integrating environmental, social and economic objectives.
Marine Update 54: Turning the Tide - Power from the sea and protection for nature in Welsh waters
December 2002
This study sets out the options for harnessing marine renewable energy resources and the effects of these technologies on coastal and marine ecology.
Marine Update 51: Bitter Harvest: a call for reform in the Scottish aquaculture industry
April 2002
This Marine Update summarises the WWF report Bitter Harvest and sets out WWF's main recommendations concerning the sustainable future of Scotland's aquaculture industry. If you would like a copy, please contact the marine team on 01483 426444
Marine Update 50: Eutrophication and European marine sites
August 2001
This Marine Update looks at nutrient pollution as a threat to the conservation of habitats and species in the UK's network of European Marine Sites.
Marine Update 49: WWF policy on the development of offshore wind
February 2002
CO2 emissions will have to be halved by the middle of the century to avoid the most extreme effects of climate change. Offshore wind energy may play a central role in the development of renewable energy (a key response strategy). This Marine Update outlines WWF's thoughts on this development.
Marine Update 48: Endangered whales
July 2001
This Marine Update sets out WWF's policy on the future for whales.
Marine Update 47: Developing an Oceans Policy - experience from Australia, Canada and New Zealand
August 2001
This Marine Update summarises WWF-UK and the Wildlife Trust's report A Marine Act for the United Kingdom?, reviewing progress in Australia, Canada and New Zealand in developing Integrated Marine Policies.
Marine Update 46: Integrating biodiversity and EU fisheries policy
June 2001
This Marine Update highlights the findings of a recently published WWF report investigating the integration of biodiversity objectives into EU fisheries policy. WWF invited key stakeholders to four workshops with the aim of identifying common goals and promoting policy solutions.
Marine Update 45: Time for a different approach for the marine environment
A Joint Marine Programme Marine Update, June 2001
In this Marine Update, Joan Edwards of the Wildlife Trusts and Siân Pullen of WWF-UK take a look at marine conservation over the last few decades and present an innovative approach for the future of marine management and nature conservation in the UK.
Marine Update 44: Choose or Lose
February 2001
With stocks on the brink of collapse and no new fisheries to exploit, we have the following stark choice: whether to spend far more than current budgets allow in order to fund recovery programmes, or face the very real prospect of the total loss of fish stocks, the fishing industry and the communities that depend on it.
Marine Update 43: Marine Health Check
March 2001
This Marine Update summarises the findings of a WWF report, Marine Health Check, which examines 16 marine species and habitats around the UK.
Marine Update 42: The Common Fisheries Policy - background and review for 2002
A Joint Marine Programme Marine Update, July 2000
This Marine Update places the history of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in the context of the fundamental changes that WWF considers are required for policy and fisheries management options. If you would like a copy, please contact the marine team on 01483 426444.
Marine Update 41: WWF's Oceans Recovery Campaign (ORCA)
March 2000
This Marine Update provides an overview of WWF-UK's Oceans Recovery Campaign (ORCA) launched in July 2000. The campaign highlighted the continuing inadequate management and protection of our oceans, marine wildlife and coastal communities.
Marine Update 17: Integrated Coastal Zone Management - international commitments
November 1994
In this Marine Update, WWF-UK reviews the progress and adoption of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in international frameworks and agreements. |
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WWF-UK > Research > Issues > Marine and coasts > Reports
